Bargaining Power of Supplier of Non-profit Organization

Bargaining power of suppliers can be termed as the capacity of control and competitive advantage a supplier may have over rivals or competitors. The level of rivalry in this context may be brought about by many factors including; number of competitors in a market, market growth, fixed costs, storage costs or perishable goods, low switching costs for the consumer that encourages easy switching from one product to another, low or minimal product differentiation, strategic stakes, exit barriers, diversity of rivals and industry shakeout caused by high supplier and low demand.In all this, every supplier seeks to have a competitive advantage over its rivals to ensure stability in the market and profitability. In non-profit organizations, the supplier bargaining power may be deemed as the position of advantage that donors have over others. This may be in terms of expertise, capital, and skills. Bargaining Power of Supplier (POS) of Non-Profit Organization In the case of non-profit organiza tions, Bright Pink champions and offers education and support to young women who may be at risk of breast and ovarian cancer.Bright Pink’s suppliers/supporters may be classified as corporate (offering capital), individuals (donors) and/or participating doctors offering knowledge, technical credibility and support to the women in the organization. Though the power of these doctors may be low, they most likely gain more from the relationship that Bright Pink. In most organizations, there may be challenges related to the supply of donations and support that may be needed. One of such challenged is supplier power. In many cases, those individuals who supply organizations, such as Bright Pink, with capital also wield some influence during decision making.This means that donors would hold Bright Pink to a high standard of conduct, community involvement, and ethics. Participating doctors who supply knowledge, technical credibility, and support to the women in the organization, may h ave low power but most likely gain more from the relationship than Bright Pink. This is caused by the possibility of Bright Pink finding a multitude of doctors willing to support their cause while the number of organizations seeking doctors to participate on their medical panel may be small in-kind donations from existing members, volunteers, and corporations are another source of support and input.Differentiation of inputs is a factor in assessing supplier’s power. The higher the level of differentiation and importance in the eyes of the buyer, the more powerful the inputs become. Inputs include one-time donations, recurring donations, cause-related marketing opportunities, pro-bono administrative work, marketing, legal support and in-kind donations. Bright Pink’s growth is contingent upon procuring the right combination of inputs.Given the fact that there may be threat of substitutes, there is a clear indication of growth in the number of breast/ovarian cancer Non-pr ofit organizations (NPOs) in recent years. Suppliers of inputs may, therefore, continue to exert control in how these inputs are utilized. Bright Pink would, therefore, have a wide range of suppliers of capital and inputs but a seemingly low power or control over how these supplies/inputs are utilized. The degree of rivalry of similar organizations such as Bright Pink may be increasing with the number of breast/ovarian cancer support organizations coming up.This then means that Bright Pink may be loosing its grip on the number of suppliers/donors it may have. With this threat becoming more and more real, Bright Pink may have to work out strategies to keep its flow of capital and other resources supply that would ensure it continues to fulfill its goals and objectives. Taking Bright Pink as the ‘buyer’ there seems to be a certain level of leverage and power that the organization may have. The number of participating donors such as doctors at Bright Pink’s disposal seems to be fairly good.This couple with the notion that the doctors may be gaining more from the relationship than Bright Pink means that the organization may have a ‘buyer’ power allowing it to have a selection of the best doctors to integrate into its programmes. Barriers to entry/threat of entry may be one factor to be considered in Bright Pink’s case. With a regulating policy to the number of entrants into the breast/ovarian cancer support field, there may be better services and better and stronger inputs from suppliers/donors. In the case of NPOs, existing organizations would offer better and expanded services and efficiently and effectively.This would ensure that those who may be considering offering similar services and/or support would have few people in need of these services hence a barrier/threat of entry by those already in the field. Currently Bright Pinks’ support and aid flow is efficient for the current programmes in the organization. As the organization’s brand awareness, membership numbers, and media exposure continue to grow, it will find cause-marketing more appealing to corporate partners. Corporations are under increasing pressure to give to charities, support local organizations, and be socially responsible.Though this may not be a tangible reason to keep all organizational stakeholders on board, it may be a solid base to attract funding and donations from all suppliers. Programmes that offer a worthy cause may be an effective way to attract and sustain capital and resources from many corporate, individual and participating suppliers. Benefits to the company include increase in brand acceptance by associating with a worthy cause, reaching a niche demographic, differentiation in a crowded market, and perhaps increasing brand loyalty, then the benefits to Bright Pink are obvious.Members and supporters have an easy way to make a contribution and Bright Pink would be able to reach a wider customer base tha n they wouldn’t otherwise reach due to a limited advertising budget. Studies show a net positive reaction in consumers towards the contributing company’s image. The congruency between the charity’s mission and the company’s product is a primary determinant in whether each party gleans the benefits from the cause-marketing effort. As the organization gains popularity and acceptability of its programmes, there will be great increase in the benefits from suppliers.If suppliers are unhappy with the organization’s decisions, they can easy cut funding. In this way, large donors can wield unofficial influence over the organization’s behavior. Corporate donations can be correlated to economic conditions and given that the economy worsened in 2009, Bright Pink may have to be prepared for a decrease in these inputs. A way to offset this threat is to focus on individual/private donations as this tends to be less tied to the economy and these donors ide ntify more with the NPOs they support. Cause-related marketing, which provides benefits to both the supplier and Bright Pink, is another strategy to pursue.Since Bright Pink suppliers provide monetary donations not specific product, technology, or knowledge, there would be no switching costs to suppliers. However, since corporations and individuals will align themselves with a growing and well known charity, switching support to a lesser known NPO would not be advantageous. Since the decision to support various NPOs is a decision based on emotion, Bright Pinks’ most effective strategy for procuring this support is to continue to focus on success stories of those the organization has helped or is helping.Differentiating the Bright Pink story, showcasing various members’ reasons for joining the organization, and demonstrating Bright Pink’s impact on its member’s lives are all methods of highlighting this emotional bond. One of Bright Pink’s short-ter m objectives is to build a stable of partnering companies to provide exposure in the market, increase its membership and become an NPO of choice for corporate sponsorship opportunities. Since most doctors’ expertise is not readily differentiable, their bargaining power is relatively low.It would be logical to conclude that Bright Pink members may have a propensity to utilize the services of these doctors for their health care needs making the balance of power in the doctor-Bright Pink relationship reside in the organization’s favor. On the other hand, inputs from volunteers, corporations, and community groups are not easily achieved, and Bright Pink has less negotiating power when dealing with these groups. Other than the intangible benefits of helping a respected and growing NPO such as Bright Pink, these suppliers have no economic reason to provide support.In these cases, it is most likely the appeal of Bright Pink’s mission that drives the decisions for suppo rt from these suppliers. The importance of the suppliers cannot be stressed enough. Without their support, Bright Pink will not be able to grow. By focusing on cause related marketing and approaching corporations whose products/services align with Bright Pink’s targeted markets, stronger alliances can be built. This will level the power balance and facilitate a mutually beneficial partnership.

Individualism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Individualism - Essay Example These ideas are quite useful for me as an individual and resonate perfectly well with the visions I have, this is despite the variation of the perspectives that the writers potent. I believe that they relate to me especially during this year of 2013. Emerson in his writing indicates what he notices with the verses written by eminent painter that â€Å"†¦Let the subject be what it may. The sentiment they create is of more important than any idea they may contain†¦Ã¢â‚¬  when reasoning sheer from thoughts to emotions, then the pronouncement of individual reasoning is clouded by the societal sentiments which is always swayed by propaganda and lack of reasoning. Emerson further notes that â€Å"...We but half depict ourselves, and are ashamed of that divine idea which each of us portray in the society†¦Ã¢â‚¬  these sentiments points to the fact that we develop feelings that we believe concerns the next party. Shame as an emotion forces us to consider a lot more about t he feelings of others based on our actions. I believe that what is correct is correct and anything that is wrong is wrong .Standard should be set by ourselves to ensure that we live our potential rather than those individuals who might not necessarily share our views and thoughts. In his writing to reveal lack of self-trust, Emerson points the argument that â€Å"†¦accepts the scenario the divine facet has set for you, the current society, as well as the inter-connection of events†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This argument has a direct revelation of how the society confines people into conventional thinking. It restricts growth and makes no one to think differently even if the same methods make no improvement in the life of the individuals in that particular society. In the writings that reveal the role of the youths, Emerson brings to our attention to the suggestion that â€Å"†¦Do not be deceived that the youths do not have any effect in the society, because they cannot speak for the mselves. Hark! In the next room their voices are effectively clear and emphatic. It is evident that they can speak in the current society. Bashful or bold, there comes a time when they will make their seniors unnecessary in the society†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In the argument, it is evident that the youths have no say, perhaps because they are not allowed based on traditions and culture. Their potential is unearthed and they energy is not adequately exhausted. The society is not able to think and has set time bomb for not allowing the youths to think too, despite their ability to think. The argument indicates that the old age has refused to allow for the inevitable changes and this paralyses the society. Emerson reveals the comfort portrayed among the youthful members of the society. In the writings, he points that â€Å"†¦The nonchalance group of boys who are certain of dinner, and would contemn and behave like lords to reconcile one, is the healthy features of human nature†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He indicates that this raises irresponsible and troublesome members of the society. I believe Emerson is much interested in revealing what role is played by the individualistic character to ensure that the children grow to be both entrepreneurial and self-reliant. Putting them in a comfort zone does in no way allow them to understand the consequences of the actions that they make. A society that is not creative can as

The Effect of Price on Consumer Brand Perception Research Paper

The Effect of Price on Consumer Brand Perception - Research Paper Example made up of past experiences associated with the brand or product, such as related past purchases, recommendations or cautions from friends or colleagues, or memory of advertising promotion. The most effective of the latter has been shown to be the celebrity endorsement primarily due to the level of perceived similarity between the consumer and the celebrity’s public persona, thus making an emotional connection at the same time they are receiving a recommendation from a perceived friend or colleague in the form of the celebrity. The next step in the thought process is the external search. This is a more physical, plausible search for a product made by a consumer seeking to make an immediate purchase or as part of an ongoing search to stay updated until they're ready to make a purchase (Kamins, 1989). Throughout this process, price comparisons are made from product to product, brand to brand and store to store. Judgment is then made on the information that has been built up duri ng these two steps, internal and external. Only then does the consumer make their decision about which product to purchase, yet this doesn’t end the process. Once they’ve made the purchase, consumers typically conduct a post-purchase evaluation of the product that will result in either satisfaction or post-purchase dissidence. Much of conventional marketing research has shown that consumer decision follows the sequence of need recognition, search for information, alternative evaluation, purchase and then outcomes (Kamins, 1989).  

Presence or Absence of Negligence by Nurses Essay

Presence or Absence of Negligence by Nurses - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the presence of an IV infiltration should have been identified, noted and taken care of immediately. It was the duty of the nurse who had done the overnight shift check up on the patient to ensure the best interest of the patient. This should have included ensuring that any single complication is noted, properly examined and proper care is given to deal with it. However, this was not the case as can be seen in the case study. The nurse who had done the rounds during the shift when the infiltrate was discovered had seen the infiltrate, failed to record it in the patient’s chart and additionally ignored it. In this case, the nurse had failed to perform her duty of ensuring quality care, health, and safety of the patient. Here is the case of professional negligence rather than ordinary negligence. The parents are in this case right to sue her for negligence and the consequent complications/damage (scarring and motion loss) that resul ted from the lack of action. Negligence is proven by four main elements. The first element is the duty which begins at the moment the patient meets the healthcare provider. The other element is the breach of duty. This according to Helm, occurs when the care provider fails to provide all necessary care and conduct to the patient. Damages, which is the next element is when harm occurs from neglect or breach of duty. The last element is causation. This is determined when the harm is done can be directly associated with lack of proper care. Ordinary negligence is defined as the failure to provide care that any other person would have provided in a particular situation. Professional negligence, on the other hand, involves malpractice done by an expertise such as a doctor or qualified nurse.

Australian accounting standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Australian accounting standards - Essay Example Several international legal systems are based on approaches derived from principles. Practically, the FRC supported the adoption process because of the indication towards lessening of information costs. Following the accounting processes under International Accounting Standards is accompanied by the cost reduction. Adoption of the international standards would also enhance efficiency within the Australian capital market through capital flow into the market. Enhancement of market efficiency would be possible because through the adoption, the nations would be able to set internationally accepted, competent quality, equivalent and apparent standards of accounting. Although there are considerable benefits associated with the adoption of international standards of accounting, there are also various potential barriers that hinder proper implementation of the International Accounting Standards all around the world. Cultural factor is also among those potential barriers to the standards’ adoption. The propensity to restrict the implementation primarily prevails among the businesses which are conducted locally inclusive of the small and medium enterprises. This is due to the existence of strong cultural and regional values among the people within the firms. For completely implementing the international accounting standards, it is the most significant to educate the firm’s auditors and accountants about the processes to be followed. Due to the cultural resistance to international adoption, the entire implementation process gets hampered. Cultural barriers impact the way that the financial statements are overviewed. Adoption of internati onal standards would require evaluation of financials based on concepts. Pertaining to the cultural beliefs, a massive expense incurred due to a day-off because of regional program might not be considered to be harmful. A number of day-offs would at times lead to prevalence of huge imbalance in financial statements (Sawani, 2006). Answer to Question No 1 b From January 1, 2005, the units operating under the Corporations Act (2001) of Australia were required to frame and present their respective financial statements as per the standards being followed in the International Accounting Standards Board. Although Australia was boosting up towards harmonizing its standards as per the international ones, after the comprehensive adoption, the transformation process would make various business aspects to change. As regards to the practices within financial reporting, reported results of the Australian firms had to be presented in a changed way and also the adoption affected compensation based on performance. Apart from these general transitions, the acknowledgment and measurements of the firms’ assets and liabilities also were affected. To name a few, various financial instruments were to be recorded within the financial statements as per their fair values. This change even resulted in classification of instruments as debts which were previously classified as equities. Amortisation of goodwill

Convergence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Convergence - Essay Example The Voice over Internet Protocol or VoIP is the most significant convergence service that is expected. It had been forecasted to generate $196 billion in 2007and by 2008, 20% of U.S. homes are expected to have VoIP telephones. Over $1 trillion in revenues through 2010 may be generated by aggregate VoIP revenue between now and 2010 alone. From a wide variety of business and consumer Internet Protocol appliances, convergence may also generate new revenue which includes next generation digital music players, home entertainment systems, home video phones as well as enterprise collaboration system. By 2010 the value of this market was forecasted to be worth almost $90 billion, over the next five years cumulate value will be $360 billion. Through 2010, other emerging products and services which would generate sizeable revenues include the following: enterprise collaboration software ($60 billion); Internet Protocol Television (IPTV, $55 billion); mobile phone content ($50 billion); network games ($35 billion); online music ($20 billion)."2 For the past decade, convergence wherein voice, video as well as data communications are supported by a single network has been an important future direction. As more legacy communications infrastructure is upgraded to integrated internet protocol (IP) equipment it will continuously give importance to future direction. Networking is simplified through network convergence, wherein instead of two three or more, it creates one infrastructure to operate and manage. All sorts of interactive as well as real-time multimedia applications and processes could conceivably be supported by converged network. When network convergence was first being proposed through Internet Protocol technology, about 10 years ago, it was a different age for communications and it was a time when in separate network universes, voice and data existed. Moreover, it was segregated by infrastructure which was designed to avoid interference. Internet Protocol eventually became the building block for singular pathway for all forms of network communications. For the past decade, network convergence has focused on voice-data integration in telephony through Internet Protocol technology. IP telephony session was held last week and a group of approximately 30 IT professionals including technical representatives from IBM Canada Ltd. As well as Cisco Systems Canada Co. assembled in order to discuss the driving business values of the technology. The discussion was focused initially on the most popular and proven of application of network convergence which eventually led to examining greater value of consolidating busi ness networks into one.3 In the near term, the health region has a need for a revamped telephony strategy in order to replace its aging as well as costly equipment and services. However, over time, there is a plan to address a wide range of communications challenges. At an "end of life" condition within five years, the health region has a large number of single-purpose propriety networks. During his presentation, Mr. Beaurivage, states that "Converging these single-purpose networks onto one IP-based platform offers unique integration possibilities."4

History of Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of Psychology - Essay Example Same is with the study of different kinds of areas of education. Psychology is a kind of social science that has emerged to be one of the prime aspects of life today. All the marketing activities are revolving around the concepts of psychology which have evolved over the last 100 years. The research and development that has taken place has multiplied with each passing year. All the fundamental aspects of human life and functioning are now explained through the various concepts of psychology. Hence psychology has become an integral part of our lives. The type and extent of research that was done at the start of 1900s was different from what it is today. Methods of research are increasing, and developing; providing room for improvement to the research that was already present. Also the theories and concepts which were popular in the start were not as important as more concepts were coming as research was growing. A cross-sectional analysis of the studies which were conducted in two different time frames would provide one with a better picture regarding the difference of opinions, topics and concepts in different eras. For this purpose, two articles have been chosen pertaining to different eras of the 1900s. Thorough analysis of these articles would help us understand the evolution of research and concepts in psychology. The first article that has been chosen was published in 1914 in the Psychological Bulletin/ Psychological Review Company, named as "Psychology of religion". This article was written by Elsworth Faris and advocated the different concepts prevailing regarding religion in the world and their linkage to the psychology of human beings. The other article was chosen from the same journal but published in 1958. The opening remarks from the symposium on relationships between religion and mental health, delivered by Herman Fiefel, were chosen to be analyzed. Like the previous article this article also talks about the relationship between religion and its effect on the mental state of mankind. (Faris, 1914) To start off with, religion has a fundamental link with the mental health and stability of a person. It has been established that believing in the presence of the unknown power above us helps us to live better/accountable lives in this world. It makes us responsible for our actions and can help make the world a better place. This topic has been discussed and researched upon over the years by scientists and results have shown linkage between the two aspects of life. While going through the first article, one notices that the common concept of psychology and religion, pragmatism, is being discussed; the fact that at that time all the concepts were considered important only when they were proved. Pragmatism talks about the purposes behind everything and not a single purpose; it strives to prove to concepts. In the article, the author believes that the faith Christianity is the epitome of the riddle of existence. Although the article clearly mentions that education is an important factor in the development of sound religious concepts. Education helps the person identify with the key facts of the religion; these facts are the presence of a single power which can help them with thing; the fact that they will be offered redemption, the existence of evil and the presence of self-esteem of man. These beliefs are